RELATIVE CLAUSES

đź’•Relative Clausesđź’•

Las oraciones de relativo van introducidas por un pronombre o un adverbio relativo: who, which, that, whose, when, where.

Las oraciones de relativo especificativas se llaman asĂ­ porque aportan informaciĂłn esencial sobre su antecedente, de tal manera que sin ellas el sentido de la frase quedarĂ­a incompleto. Los pronombres relativos son:

THAT (“que”) se usa cuando el antecedente es tanto una persona como una cosa.

WHO (“que”, quien”, “quienes”) se refiere sólo a personas.

WHICH (“que”) se refiere exclusivamente a cosas.

EJEMPLOS:
1. - They caught the man who / that spied for China.
                           
                                                                     Antecedente persona
2. - I lost the map which / that she gave me.

                                           Antecedente cosa

Tanto that como who y which se pueden omitir si van seguidos de un nombre o pronombre, es decir, si no son el sujeto de la oraciĂłn de relativo.


Ejemplo:

1. - These are all the clues (that) they left behind.
2. - John is the man (who) we saw yesterday at the restaurant.
3. - I´ve bought the CD (which) Laura recommended to me.



WHOSE

 Indica posesiĂłn y significa “cuyo/a/os/as”. Nunca actĂşa como sujeto y no se puede omitir.

She complained to the man whose dog bit her.

WHEN
  (“cuando”, “en que”) hace referencia a un tiempo. Se puede utilizar that en su lugar u omitirse.

Do you remember the day (when / that) we met?

WHERE
  (“donde”, “en el que”) indica lugar.

We visited the house where our father was born.




RELATIVE + PREPOSITION

Cuando el relativo lleva preposición, which se sigue usando si el antecedente es una cosa; pero si es una persona, en lugar de who se emplea whom, sobre todo en la lengua escrita. Lo más común en todos los casos es poner la preposición al final de la oración de relativo y omitir el pronombre.


1  The film in which he appears was a great success > The film he appears in was a great success.

    The person to whom I had to talk wasn´t there > The person I had to talk to wasn´t there.



















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